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Program Learning Outcomes

  • Outcome 1.1: Identify situations where systemic information inequality exists

  • Outcome 1.2: Interrogate and internalize professional ethics, values, standards, and principles 

  • Outcome 1.3: Create and support policies that reflect principles of a just and equitable information society  

  • Outcome 1.4: Demonstrate a commitment to lifelong learning via engagement with users, communities, colleagues, and professional networks  

Advance information equity and justice.

Understanding of the Objective

 

     Advancing information equity and justice means recognizing that access depends on more than whether a book, website, database, program, or archival record exists. Information must also be discoverable, understandable, trustworthy, affordable, appropriately described, and available in formats that reflect different abilities, languages, technologies, schedules, and levels of confidence.

     Libraries and information institutions are not neutral spaces. Decisions about what is collected, preserved, described, restricted, promoted, digitized, or omitted influence which knowledge and experiences become visible and which remain hidden. This objective therefore asks information professionals to examine the historical, cultural, economic, technological, and institutional systems that determine who has access to information and who does not.

     As a future public librarian and community archivist, I understand this outcome as a combination of service, advocacy, ethical judgment, and continual reflection. Professional values such as intellectual freedom, privacy, cultural responsiveness, preservation, transparency, and social responsibility must guide everyday decisions about collections, programs, technology, physical spaces, metadata, historical interpretation, and communication. Information equity also requires recognizing that equal treatment does not always produce equitable outcomes. A service may be available to everyone while still disadvantaging people who face language barriers, disabilities, limited transportation, financial restrictions, digital divides, or a history of exclusion from institutions. Librarians must therefore ask not only whether information is available, but whether community members can realistically find, understand, trust, and use it.

Evidence

     My graduate coursework, professional background, and community projects demonstrate my development across the four dimensions of this outcome: identifying systemic inequality, applying professional values, supporting equitable policies, and committing to lifelong learning.

     In Responsive Librarianship in Action: Rise and Return, I identified systemic barriers faced by mothers attempting to return to technology careers after stepping away from paid work to fulfill caregiving responsibilities. These barriers included ageism, sexism, assumptions about professional commitment, gaps in current technical training, reduced professional networks, and inflexible educational or employment structures. Rather than viewing these challenges as individual failures, I examined them as connected systems that restrict access to professional information, mentorship, and opportunity. This project demonstrated how libraries can respond to information inequality by creating services designed around the circumstances of a specific population rather than expecting users to overcome institutional barriers on their own. This evidence directly supports PLO 1.1 because it helped me identify how systemic information inequality can exist within employment, education, and professional-development structures.

     My IST 605 Reference Librarian Scenario: Dearing Family and Piedmont History allowed me to examine similar inequalities within historical research. While researching Sidney Dearing and his family, the first Black homeowners in Piedmont, I encountered missing records, expensive databases, inaccessible archival materials, incomplete catalog descriptions, biased historical publications, and institutions that had traditionally centered affluent white residents while excluding histories of racism and resistance. The assignment required me to define a complex information need, analyze information-seeking behavior, evaluate fifteen different source types, identify missing viewpoints, and collaborate with librarians, archivists, descendants, and community researchers. I then drew on this experience to strengthen my SidneyDearing.com by incorporating additional sources, including newspaper articles, maps, photographs, genealogical records, legal documents, and historical context. This research taught me that information justice involves both recovering overlooked evidence and making it understandable and accessible while clearly distinguishing verified facts, interpretation, and unresolved questions.

     IST 564: Library Observation expanded my understanding of how inequality can be embedded in physical and technological design in a library environment. At the local public library, I observed barriers involving accessible parking, entrances, doors, elevators, restrooms, narrow aisles, self-checkout kiosks, standing-only catalog stations, high shelving, seating, signage, surveillance technology, and computer access. The library offered valuable accommodations, but the observation demonstrated that individual accessible features do not automatically create a fully accessible environment. A patron may technically be able to enter the building while still encountering obstacles that limit independence, privacy, comfort, or full participation. The assignment taught me to evaluate the complete user journey instead of treating accessibility as a checklist or a single feature. My Philosophy and Goals of Librarianship assignment helped me articulate the ethical values I want to carry into professional practice, including equitable access, privacy, service, preservation, lifelong learning, and community participation. This assignment especially supports PLO 1.2 because it required me to examine and internalize the professional values that should guide my decisions.

 

     I applied these values more concretely in my Know Your Rights: Community Toolkit for Families and Caregivers page, which organizes trustworthy information related to immigration, education, housing, employment, health, and legal rights. Because the intended audience includes people who may be especially vulnerable to inaccurate or outdated information, I prioritized authoritative sources, multilingual resources, clear disclaimers, privacy, and referrals to qualified organizations. This reinforced that ethical information service requires transparency about what a resource can provide, what it cannot provide, and when a user should be connected with a trained professional.

     Through Story Times Can Be a Drag, a management and ethics case study, I explored equitable policy and institutional responsibility. My group analyzed a library director’s decision to offer an inclusive drag queen story time without adequate stakeholder communication, board coordination, security planning, budgeting, or consistent public messaging. The program itself supported diversity, but the lack of planning created financial and administrative consequences. Our analysis showed that equitable policy does not mean avoiding controversial services; instead, it requires clear programming standards, defined authority, community assessment, staff preparation, safety planning, and a commitment to serving all users, even when a vocal group objects. The case helped me distinguish between support for an inclusive goal and a critical evaluation of the processes used to carry it out. This evidence addresses PLO 1.3 by showing how policies and management practices can either support or undermine the principles of a just and equitable information society.

     My Dearing Family Research and Memorial Advocacy similarly moved from research into public action. I worked with descendants, local equity organizations, historians, city representatives, journalists, and community members to advocate for public recognition of the Dearing family. This process taught me that people whose histories are being interpreted should have a meaningful voice in decisions about preservation, public interpretation, and memorialization. It also taught me to separate my own advocacy from official city decisions and to be transparent about which outcomes resulted from a broader working group. Ethical community archives depend on relationships, consent, and shared authority, not simply on access to records.

     Finally, my interviews with Oakland librarian Emily F. and elementary school librarian Tiffany C., together with the continuing development of my MLIS portfolio, demonstrate my commitment to lifelong learning under PLO 1.4. These experiences allowed me to learn from practicing librarians about local-history reference, digitization, collection development, outreach, research instruction, inclusive programming, fundraising, volunteer coordination, and the realities of working within limited staffing and budgets.

     ​Revisiting my assignments for the portfolio has helped me reevaluate earlier assumptions, identify areas of growth, and connect my academic work with my professional and community practice. Lifelong learning, for me, is not limited to completing additional courses. It includes remaining open to feedback, building professional relationships, learning from community expertise, and revising my work as standards and needs change.

 

Learning Transfer

 

     ​These experiences have taught me that information equity must be built into library and archival services from the beginning. Future decisions should consider who is represented, who is absent, what barriers may limit access, and whose voices influenced the outcome. Community archive projects should involve participants early rather than requesting feedback after decisions have already been made. Appropriate consent, protection of sensitive information, respectful description, multiple access formats, and clear distinctions between evidence and interpretation will guide my work. Digitization can expand access, but it may also raise concerns involving privacy, copyright, cultural sensitivity, and unequal access to technology. Online availability is not automatically equitable when materials lack context, interfaces are inaccessible, or the people represented were not consulted.

     ​Program design also requires attention to barriers involving cost, scheduling, transportation, childcare, language, technology, and physical space. Surveys, interviews, observations, participation data, and ongoing feedback can help identify these barriers and prevent low participation from being mistaken for a lack of interest. The same approach applies to policies involving collections, programming, privacy, accessibility, technology, partnerships, and archival description. Policies should protect users’ rights and dignity while considering who benefits, who may be burdened, and whether historical exclusions are reinforced.

 

     ​Advancing information equity and justice also requires continual learning. As technologies, standards, language, and community needs change, professional practices must be revisited. During my first year in an information institution, I plan to complete professional development in community-centered archives and participate in an equity-focused review of a service that includes feedback from those most affected.

Note:

All photographs featured on this page were sourced from Wix’s stock photo library and are used in accordance with Wix’s licensing terms.

Accessibility Statement & Conformance status

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) defines requirements for designers and developers to improve accessibility for people with disabilities. It defines three levels of conformance: Level A, Level AA, and Level AAA. IST 564 is partially conformant with WCAG 2.1 level AA. Partially conformant means that some parts of the content do not fully conform to the accessibility standard.

© 2026 by Meg Bennett for my MLIS through the iSchool at Syracuse.

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